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History

Pioneering

Though aircraft production in Indonesia existed before Independence in 1945, the National Aviation Industry was pioneered in 1946 at Yogyakarta by the formation of Planning and Construction Bureau (Indonesian: Biro Rencana dan Konstruksi) within The Indonesian Air Force. Wiweko Soepono, Nurtanio Pringgoadisurjo, and J. Sumarsono, opened a simple workshop at Magetan, near Madiun. With basic materials, gliders were designed and built -- Zogling, NWG-1 (Nurtanio Wiweko Glider) among others.
In 1948, a motorized aircraft, WEL-X was built by Wiweko Soepono utilizing a Harley Davidson engine. The small craft was registered as RI-X. This era marked the rise of several aeromodeling club.
The war for independence, however, halted all progress until 1953. In that year, The Experimental Section (Seksi Percobaan) was organized. Consisting of only 15 personnel, led by Nurtanio Pringgoadisurjo, The team built and tested three prototypes of a single-seat all metal aircraft at Andir Airport (Later renamed to Husein Sastranegara International Airport) in Bandung.
Later on April 24, 1957, The Experimental Section graduated into The Inspection, Trial, and Production Sub-Depot (Indonesian: Sub Depot Penyelidikan, Percobaan dan Pembuatan) based on Decision Letter of Indonesian Air Force Chief of Staff number 68.
Finally in 1958, a light training aircraft prototype named Belalang 89, or Grasshopper 89, was flown. The design was later produced as Belalang 90. 5 Belalang 90 were built and used for military training. On the side note, within the same year, a sport plane, "Kunang 25", was also built and flown.

Preparation

On August 1, 1960, by the order of Indonesian Air Force Chief of Staff (order #488), The Aviation Industry Preparation Body was to be formed to envision the birth of the National Aircraft Industry. Within months, the new body, known as LAPIP (Lembaga Persiapan Industri Penerbangan) since December 16, 1961, was actively negotiating for technological transfers and contracts.
LAPIP was able to secured a joint licensing and production contract with Poland. Within the same year, Indonesia was producing PZL-104 Wilga or locally named Gelatik. 44 were produced for agriculture, transport, and aero club purposes.
In 1965, Aircraft Industry Project Implementation Command (Komando Pelaksana Proyek Industri Pesawat Terbang (KOPELAPIP)) and Independent Aircraft Industry National Company (PN. Industri Pesawat Terbang Berdikari) were formed to expand and formulate specific uses of the young aviation industry.
Within the same timeline, Aviation Study(ies) were promoted in the country top universities. One of the first schools was founded within The Machine Department of The Engineering Faculty of Institut Teknologi Bandung ITB by Oetarjo Diran and Liem Keng Kie.
In September 1974, Pertamina's Advanced Technology Division signed a license contract with MBB and CASA for producing Bölkow Bo 105 and CASA C.212 Aviocar.

Nurtanio Aircraft Industry

On April 26, 1976, mandated by Government's Act No. 15, in Jakarta, PT. Industri Pesawat Terbang Nurtanio was officially established with Dr. BJ. Habibie as the President Director. The infrastructure was completed and inaugurated on August 23, 1976 by President Suharto. The new body was a merge between Nurtanio Aviation Industry Body (Lembaga Industri Penerbangan Nurtanio/LIPNUR) and Pertamina's Advanced Technology Division.
The name Nurtanio is a tribute to Nurtanio Pringgoadisuryo, one of the first aviation pioneers in Indonesia, who designed the Sikumbang, an indigenous all metal aircraft (maiden flight: August 1, 1954).
Initially, IPTN manufactured The NBO 105, under license by MBB – Followed by NC 212, under license by CASA.
In March 1966, Nurtanio Pringgoadisurjo died in a flight testing accident. The Aviation Industry Preparation Body was then renamed to Nurtanio Aviation Industry Body (Indonesian: Lembaga Industri Penerbangan Nurtanio (Abbreviated as LIPNUR)).

Nusantara Aircraft Industry

On October 11, 1985, the name PT. Industri Pesawat Terbang Nurtanio was changed to the PT. Industri Pesawat Terbang Nusantara or IPTN. Nusantara signifies the Indonesian 17,000 island archipelago.
The exclusion of "Nurtanio" from IPTN was due to some highly questionable accusations. One of the allegations was a personal use of company's letterhead by Nurtanio's family to appropriate some IPTN stocks. None was proven true.[citation needed]


Sumber:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_Aerospace
http://www.airliners.net/aircraft-data/stats.main?id=257
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